Poverty and Social Exclusion.
Volunteering and Action of the Spanish Red Cross.
The social project
Social skills
1. Poverty and social
exclusion
“ Being closer to vulnerable people at the national and
international levels through actions of a preventive, assistance,
The rehabilitation and development nature, carried out essentially by mission volunteering”
What do we understand by VULNERABILITY? Diminished ability of a person or a group of people to anticipate, cope with and resist the effects of a natural or human-caused hazard , as well as to recover from them
Vulnerable people are “….those who are exposed to situations that threaten their ability to live with a minimum of social and economic security and human dignity” .
“The Spanish Red Cross, as a humanitarian and voluntary action
The vision organization rooted Red “The Spanish in society, Cross, as will a provide comprehensive humanitarian and voluntary action responses development from arooted organization perspective in society, to the will provide victims of disasters comprehensive responses The vision and emergencies, to social , health and environmental problems” from a development perspective to the victims of disasters and emergencies, to social , health and environmental problems”
A Social Intervention It is a programmed and justified action , which is developed towards a group or person, from an INTEGRAL APPROACH , through a framework strategy for social inclusion .
FRAMEWORK SOCIAL
PLAN OF
STRATEGY FOR THE INTERVENTION
JOB
SOCIAL INCLUSION OF PLAN
CRE.
Wanted:
•Improve the situation generating a social change . • Eliminate those situations that generate inequality . •Accompany people in strengthening their abilities, their confidence, their vision and their role, to promote positive changes in the situations they live.
STATE OF LACK POVERTY SOCIAL EXCLUSION
In which individuals do not Certain deprivations or Process of inequality that have at their fingertips the shortcomings in people that translates into poverty, necessary means to satisfy endanger their dignity . marginalization, vulnerability, their needs and be able to injustice, lack of opportunities, etc. develop as people; for People whom society rejects example, food, clothing, in different ways: indifference, housing, health, work, repression or seclusion or self- access to information, marginalization . education, leisure and sports, participation and freedom of expression.
Main causes of social exclusion
endogenous causes have their origin in the same individual, in his constitution or strictly personal circumstances.
• Exogenous causes : are those that are outside the individual.
Causes
endogenous Exogenous
family causes
Old age, chronic illness, mental illness, Labor or economic causes functional diversity, etc. cultural causes Sociopolitical causes
European measure of poverty and social exclusion in a country.
AROPE REPORT
1) You can't afford to go on
Income below People with an income of less than €505.5 per month and/or who vacation for at least one week a
the poverty line. live in households with an income of less than €60 of the equivalent year.
median income are considered to be at risk of poverty .
2) You cannot afford a meal of
meat, chicken, or fish at least every
other day.
3) You cannot afford to keep the
Being in house at an adequate temperature. severe This variable tries to specify the definition of poverty beyond the amount of money that is earned and to delve into the implications material 4) You do not have the capacity to that income has on the way of life face unforeseen expenses (of 650 deprivation. euros).
5) You have been late in paying
expenses related to your main
home (mortgage or rent, gas bills,
Live in a household This variable comprises the relationship between the number of community…) or in installment purchases in the last 12 months. with low work people per household who are of working age and the number of intensity those who actually work. 6) You cannot afford to own a car.
7) You cannot afford to have a
telephone.
European measure of poverty and social exclusion in a country.
AROPE REPORT
Spain: 12.3 million people (25.30% of the population) are at risk of poverty or social exclusion
European measure of poverty and social exclusion in a country.
AROPE REPORT
Andalusia: 3,178 million people (37.7% of the population) are at risk of poverty or social exclusion
PORTRAIT OF POVERTY IN SPAIN •People in a situation of poverty or social exclusion. •People with disabilities. •People at risk of residential exclusion or homelessness. •Immigrants or refugees in the country. •Unemployed people or in a precarious job situation. •People victims of violence. •Single-parent households with dependent children. •Elderly or lonely people.
The Red Cross works for the development of the person!
Development means that all people can reach their full potential and have a productive, creative and dignified life according to their needs and preferences, while fulfilling their obligations and exercising their rights.
PLAN RESPONDS
Special Monitoring Campaign : conducting telephone monitoring of 400,000 people in its programs, identified as especially vulnerable to COVID-19, to inform, help and detect needs.
Made available to the Health Authorities of its human and logistical resources , accompanying health personnel, collecting samples, transferring affected people, or making their psychosocial support teams available.
Distribution and delivery of food and kits with essential products .
Communication and Awareness Campaigns in all its channels , also making available to the whole society an Open and Free Course on COVID-19 developed by the Red Cross that has already been carried out by 200,000 people.
PLAN RESPONDS: SOCIAL INTERVENTION
More than 12 million people in Spain, more than 26% of the population, are at risk of poverty or social exclusion, being those who are currently isolated and in confinement , living a situation of greater vulnerability.
•720,000 people vulnerable to COVID-19 will receive calls as part of the special care and monitoring campaign
•200,000 people in a situation of loneliness will receive support and psychological assistance by telephone.
•25,000 families will see their basic needs covered in Food, Personal and home hygiene, Sanitary products and Payment for supplies.
SCOPE OF ACTION
Referent for the population in general where to request social support in situations of vulnerability . In coordination with the Social Services , it offers: personalized attention, accompaniment, management of emergency aid and information on the SS. It works in both urban and rural areas . It intervenes in the most disadvantaged, vulnerable and at risk of exclusion community. comprehensive intervention transversally in different areas: health, employment, education, awareness…
National Legislative Framework
Ministry of Social Affairs
Management of social actions at the national
level
• The Spanish Constitution of 1978. • The Social Services Laws of the different Autonomous Communities. • The Regulatory Law of the Bases of the Local Regime of 1985.
European Regulation for the Fight against Poverty, Social
Exclusion and Discrimination
By supporting the Member States in the fight against poverty,
social exclusion and discrimination, the European Union aims to strengthen the inclusiveness and cohesion of European society and make it possible for all citizens to have the same access to opportunities and resources.
2. Volunteering and the
Action of the Spanish
Red Cross
Volunteering participates in the community , for its benefit, weaving a kind of “social mesh” of protection against the risks of social exclusion that affect many people
In this way, a link is created with the
most disadvantaged people in society
and social intervention actions are
converted into individual and
personalized actions.
Volunteers and volunteers:
More proactive, participative, close, direct, and agile model in the face of people’s problems. “To experience a transformation both in the intervention and in the organizational culture Target that allows reaching and participating in a closer, more direct and agile way in the problems and needs of the citizenry”.
What is Local Proximity?
It is a telephone tool that is used to receive and make calls to CRE users and the population in general, bringing them closer to the activities that we do in CRE.
Red Cross proposes to always work from a global perspective , with the aim of avoiding, as far as possible, the appearance of inherent risks for the development of the life of the individual, the family and the community.
This implies acting from various perspectives: social, environmental, health, etc… so that a certain problem does not appear or, where appropriate, to reduce its effects or consequences and even to try to recover the situation prior to the appearance of the problem. risk.
favor the reduction of vulnerabilities by
strengthening the capacities of the people
PREVENTION IS ABOUT
with whom we intervene day by day
3. The Social project
OBJECTIVES
The Red Cross conducts its action strategy through projects with which it ensures its results and benefits for people, it is what we call: project management
INSURING
TRAINED
QUALITY SKILLS
VOLUNTEER
OBJECTIVES
Respond to people’s basic needs
Serve as orientation and information elements
Link between resources
Through the proactive role of
volunteering
SOCIAL PROJECTS PROJECT. PROJECTS MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT
Actions….. That person who receives or uses services or actions that the Red Cross develops either, at their request or with the user because it is proposed to improve their quality of life
It encompasses all those actions that, with a
transformative intention, are aimed at modifying and
combating the barriers and obstacles present in the
with the environment context of people in vulnerable situations and that directly or indirectly hinder their inclusion processes.
Process delimited in the time during which certain
contributions are provided. The resources provided are
used for the execution of the activities and the
Of the project provision of the contributions (results) of the project , in order to achieve a previously defined effect (objective of the project)
SOCIAL PROJECTS PROJECT. PROJECTS MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT
THE VOLUNTEERING. SOCIAL
People care framework
• First contact with the Red Cross, prior and fundamental process in care.
• Every person who comes to the Red Cross for the first time demanding some kind of help or support must be listened to and valued.
• The situation is analyzed in the most technical and objective way possible, to establish the needs, prioritize them and clarify to what extent we can or cannot help you.
THE VOLUNTEERING. SOCIAL
RECEPTION
Objectives :
•Create a climate of trust that allows the problems and needs that are behind the initially expressed demand to emerge.
•Establish a first assessment of the situation.
•Offer a first response to demand, either satisfying an urgent need or guiding towards the next phase.
THE VOLUNTEERING. SOCIAL
ASSESSMENT
The main objective of the assessment is to identify situations, problems, capacities, strengths and the causal factors in a person through a process of measurement and interpretation (Identify) . Provide fundamental and sufficient elements that explain a given situation (Interpret) . Propose a strategy/schedule an action (Plan) to change that situation.
THE VOLUNTEERING. SOCIAL
INTERVIEW
Six areas for the study and assessment of users:
1.General Data: these are data that identify the person as well as their location. 2.Economic Scope : economic situation of the person or family, income and expenses and origin. 3.Family Scope : type of family, people with whom you live, ascendant and descendant. 4.Labor Environment : employment situation of the person. 5.Environmental and housing area : data and information on housing, situation and conditions. 6.Social Environment: social relationships of the person and level of integration in their environment. 7.Health area : both physical and mental.
THE VOLUNTEERING. SOCIAL
PERSONALIZED
INTERVENTION PLAN
SOCIAL PROJECTS MANAGEMENT PROJECT. PERSONALIZED INTERVENTION PLAN
PERSONALIZED INTERVENTION PLAN
The main objective of the assessment is to identify situations, problems, capacities, strengths and the causal factors in a person through a process of measurement and interpretation (Identify) . Provide fundamental and sufficient elements that explain a given situation (Interpret) . Propose a strategy/schedule an action (Plan) to change that situation.
The success or failure of our intervention will be based on a good
assessment of the situation.
SOCIAL PROJECTS MANAGEMENT PROJECT. PERSONALIZED INTERVENTION PLAN
Preparation of the Personalized Intervention Plan - It is established in agreement with the user and the following are defined: objectives, results and actions by both parties; signing an agreement may be considered.
SOCIAL PROJECTS MANAGEMENT PROJECT . PERSONALIZED INTERVENTION PLAN
Assign a reference person
Establish the reference person of the Institution with whom the user will identify himself during the process - Respond to the demands and needs of the person through the projects, making the user a participant in their intervention.
Do the opportune follow-up of the activity that the user is receiving, contacting him periodically and dealing with his complaints and suggestions.
Have your “User Life” collected and organized, ensuring the transparency and reliability of the data and correctly managing all the documentation.
SOCIAL PROJECTS MANAGEMENT PROJECT. PERSONALIZED INTERVENTION PLAN
Know the degree of satisfaction of the person, identifying their perception and the responses to their expectations.
Periodically contact the person to follow up and detect any new need that may arise.
4. Social Skills
• They make us more confident in our abilities and expand our options, ideas and our way of reacting. • They increase our cognitive and behavioral repertoire. • They increase our attention, improve our memory, our verbal fluency and our mental openness to new information. • They have the power to undo the physiological effects of negative emotions, for example, they reduce anxiety. • They are creators of personal and social resources, • They are consistent with our goals.
How to generate positive emotions and build proximity with the person?
1.- EMPATHY
2.- VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
EMPATHY Conscious capacity of a person to recognize, understand and appreciate the feelings of another (put ourselves in the place of the other person).
•It implies making a temporary parenthesis of our opinions and feelings to get into the shoes of the other . Then you have to be able to separate emotionally, get out of the other’s shoes .
•It affects our vulnerability and unhealed wounds can wake up .
•That it is not possible to adequately calibrate the degree of emotional involvement and we are left only with sympathy.
THE EMPATHY RESPONSE
•It is a consequence of Active Listening . •It is a reformulation of what we have understood. •Use the body, face and gestures to transmit our feelings that will be appropriate to those that are being transmitted to us. •Use simple person-centered responses . •Use simple words , in a low voice and with the gaze fixed on the person. •Also use silence on those occasions that are necessary. • Do not judge, reproach, blame or ridicule . • Don’t downplay . • Do not compare with others. • Do not use phrases like “I understand you”, “Don’t feel bad” , “You are strong”, “Don’t cry”, “It is God’s will”, “It could be worse”,… • Never be in a hurry .
THE
COMMUNICATION Communication is a basic process for survival through which people establish relationships . Communication originates from the interaction of a series of elements:
Code CHANNEL
Transmitter Receiver
Message
(encoder) (decoder) NO
VERBAL
VERBAL
Feedback
Oral written
Noise Broadcasting of messages
through the face
and the rest of the body
Context – Situation
There are three basic styles of communication differentiated by the attitude they reveal towards the interlocutor: passive, aggressive and assertive .
PASSIVE AGGRESSIVE ASSERTIVE (I LOSE, YOU WIN) (I WIN YOU LOSE) (I WIN, YOU WIN)
How can we communicate?
EYE CONTACT ACTIVE LISTENING
APPROPRIATE
TONE OF
VOICE
BODY POSTURE I RESPECT
Despite the importance that we usually attribute to verbal
communication, between 65% and 80% of all our communication
with others is carried out through non-verbal channels.
To communicate effectively, verbal and non-verbal messages
must match each other. Many communication difficulties occur
when our words contradict our nonverbal behavior.
“IT IS IMPOSSIBLE NOT TO
COMMUNICATE”
provide security General care
Stay focused on our goals
Guide
Physical contact
act calm Joy
Build self-confidence in people
Positive phrases
love for what we
do
– Do it with love-
Facilitating resilience (*)
Humor
Working on the participation of
the person in the construction of
their own inclusion process (*)
Empowering personal autonomy (*)
ACTIVE LISTENING
“We have been given two ears, but only one mouth,
so that we can hear more and talk less” (Zenón de Elea)
The basis of good communication is the art and science of knowing how to speak, but above all, knowing how to listen , which is not the same as knowing how to listen.
Active listening is one of the basic techniques of social care.
It does not consist of keeping silent while the person speaks. It needs our participation ( Feed-Back ). The one who emits the information has to receive signals that the receiver listens to him. So we encourage you to issue new messages to get more information.
Some guidelines to follow for active listening: •Use nonverbal behaviors (gestures, body •Stand in front of the speaker keeping a movements, facial expressions, exclamations,…) suitable distance . and monosyllables in accordance with the •Make eye contact frequently and conversation. delicately. • Avoid giving advice directly, but rather suggest, •Exhibit an open posture and appear propose and explore if the person has already calm and collected . exhausted all the possibilities that were in their • Concentrate on the topic that is being power. discussed and do not stop attending to • Ask clarifying questions or statements to prepare our response. Pause to think confirm that we are understanding what is meant. before answering. Use open and not closed questions. • Listen and try to discover the feelings • Request additional details, examples or and motivations that may be hidden impressions. Discuss the person’s thoughts or behind the observations. Don’t judge . feelings. • Do not interrupt , especially to correct • Paraphrase (say in other words) what the user mistakes or get attention. has said. • Avoid expressions of approval / • Don’t insist on having the last word . disapproval , but affirm that it is understood (seek first to understand, then to be understood).
Causes that can cause aggressiveness: Aggressiveness : tendency to respond or act violently regardless of its intensity. It usually manifests itself in people on a timely basis and as a reaction to specific situations.
• Frustration: we perceive that a specific situation does not fit the idea that we had made of it: desires, expectations, interests…
• Distant or inappropriate treatment due to lack of interest or disagreement, due to prejudice, due to an authoritarian, disrespectful style and lack of communication skills.
• Tiredness, work stress , professional “burnt out”.
• Altered emotional state .
• Routine and fed up with having to put up with these situations.
• Lack of time, incomprehensible technical language .
•Circumstances of the Organization (excessive waiting times, overcrowding, repeated bureaucratic errors, scarce or inadequate information, continuous interruptions during care, etc.)
Hostility / Aggressiveness curve.
Active
listening Empathic
Response
Observation and
Emotional Self-
Control Address and
Fix
Observation and Emotional Self-control. We have to learn to observe both the user and ourselves , since from this observation we are going to obtain relevant information that will help us to give an adequate response to the situation.
We must also learn to observe non-verbal communication, ours and the user’s , detecting signs such as:
• Changes in tone of voice
•restrained attitude
•Tension in your hands (clenched fists…)
•Stare without blinking, with head fixation
•paleness, sweating
•motor restlessness
•Phrase repetition...
And most importantly, Emotional Self -Control, which is defined as the ability that people can acquire and develop to keep our emotions and instinctive behaviors under control.
face of a hostile provocation, it is necessary to know how to maintain control so as not to respond reactively to the situation. To do this, the first thing we must control is our level of emotional activation.
Observation and Emotional Self-control. We have to learn to observe both the user and ourselves , since from this observation we are going to obtain relevant information that will help us to give an adequate response to the situation.
We must also learn to observe non-verbal communication, ours and the user’s , detecting signs such as:
• Changes in tone of voice •restrained attitude •Tension in your hands (clenched fists…) •Stare without blinking, with head fixation •paleness, sweating •motor restlessness •Phrase repetition...
And most importantly, Emotional Self -Control, which is defined as the ability that people can acquire and develop to keep our emotions and instinctive behaviors under control.
face of a hostile provocation, it is necessary to know how to maintain control so as not to respond reactively to the situation. To do this, the first thing we must control is our level of emotional activation.
Address and Solve. Once the interlocutor (user) has gone through the previous phases, it is normal for their emotional tone to return to the “ rational level ”. It is in this phase where we can:
•Focus on the demand or request that we face. •Explain clearly and precisely the reasons why it is not possible to meet the expectations of our interlocutor, although he may not accept them. •Provide some solution path (alternatives) if it is in our power or refer it to the appropriate person. •Recognize if there have been deficiencies of their own or of the organization and in this case apologize . •Ask him to behave differently on successive occasions. •We will thank the user for the opportunity to improve the service.